BOFFRAND, Germain - b. 1667 Nantes, d. 1754 Paris - WGA

BOFFRAND, Germain

(b. 1667 Nantes, d. 1754 Paris)

Germain Boffrand (in full Gabriel-Germain Boffrand), French architect and writer, noted for the great variety, quantity, and quality of his work. He maintained the tradition of the Grand Style in France between Jules Hardouin-Mansart, who was born in 1646, and Ange-Jacques Gabriel, who died in 1782. His work also provided an important bridge between that of Louis Le Vau in the mid-17th century and those of the architects of the Piranesian generation of Neo-classicists in the mid-18th century, such as Etienne-Louis Boullée, whom he influenced.

Boffrand went to Paris in 1681, where, after studying sculpture for a time under François Girardon, he entered the workshop of the architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart. As early as 1690, he received a commission to design buildings for the king, and in 1709 he was placed in charge of the decoration of the apartments of the Hôtel de Soubise. In 1710 the princesse de Condé commissioned his enlargement of the Palais Bourbon, a project noted for the large staircase added by Boffrand.

Boffrand, best known for his Livre d’architecture (1745; “Book of Architecture”), was instrumental in spreading French taste across 18th-century Europe. He was responsible for a multitude of works, great and small, including plans for the new palace of Nantes and construction of the great altar for Nantes cathedral. He also built several private houses in Nantes and Paris. Between 1718 and 1728 Boffrand directed the work on the Arsenal in Paris and in 1722 was asked to restore the chamber of the Palais de Justice.

Boffrand also worked abroad: he built a fountain in the gardens of the favourite château of Maximilian II Emanuel, the elector of Bavaria, and assisted Balthasar Neumann in 1724 in designing the episcopal Residenz (1719-44) in Würzburg. Boffrand next restored the rose window of the transept of Notre-Dame de Paris (1725-27) and in 1727 constructed the Hospice des Enfants of the general hospital, for which he was appointed chief architect in 1728.

In 1732 he was appointed inspector general of roads and bridges of France. Boffrand’s noted later achievements were his restoration (1746) of the Saint-Esprit chapel and the door he built (1748) for the cloister of Notre-Dame. In addition to his vast architectural accomplishments and the Livre d’architecture, Boffrand left Description de ce qui a été pratiqué pour fondre en bronze d ‘un seul jet la figure équestre de Louis XIV (1743; “Description of What Was Done to Cast in a Single Jet the Equestrian Statue of Louis XIV”).

Exterior view
Exterior view by

Exterior view

Around 1700, there was a wave of construction in Paris. The Faubourg Saint-Germain neighbourhood was being endowed with luxurious residences, including the H�tel Amelot de Gournay on rue Saint-Dominique by Germain Boffrand. This h�tel is particularly noteworthy for the entrance gate, the oval courtyard and its pilastered fa�ade, and the garden. The skilful arrangements made it possible to give monumentality to a building constrained by the narrowness of the plot. On rue de Grenelle, meanwhile, Lassurance built the H�tel Rothelin (now a ministry) and Cotte, the H�tel d’Estr�es (now an embassy).

The photo shows the fa�ade overlooking main courtyard.

View the ground plan of the building.

Exterior view
Exterior view by

Exterior view

Around 1700, there was a wave of construction in Paris. The Faubourg Saint-Germain neighbourhood was being endowed with luxurious residences, including the H�tel Amelot de Gournay on rue Saint-Dominique by Germain Boffrand. This h�tel is particularly noteworthy for the entrance gate, the oval courtyard and its pilastered fa�ade, and the garden. The skilful arrangements made it possible to give monumentality to a building constrained by the narrowness of the plot. On rue de Grenelle, meanwhile, Lassurance built the H�tel Rothelin (now a ministry) and Cotte, the H�tel d’Estr�es (now an embassy).

The photo shows the garden.

Exterior view
Exterior view by

Exterior view

Around 1700, there was a wave of construction in Paris. The Faubourg Saint-Germain neighbourhood was being endowed with luxurious residences, including the H�tel Amelot de Gournay on rue Saint-Dominique by Germain Boffrand. This h�tel is particularly noteworthy for the entrance gate, the oval courtyard and its pilastered fa�ade, and the garden. The skilful arrangements made it possible to give monumentality to a building constrained by the narrowness of the plot. On rue de Grenelle, meanwhile, Lassurance built the H�tel Rothelin (now a ministry) and Cotte, the H�tel d’Estr�es (now an embassy).

The photo shows the entrance gate.

Exterior view
Exterior view by

Exterior view

Around 1700, there was a wave of construction in Paris. The Faubourg Saint-Germain neighbourhood was being endowed with luxurious residences, including the H�tel Amelot de Gournay on rue Saint-Dominique by Germain Boffrand. This h�tel is particularly noteworthy for the entrance gate, the oval courtyard and its pilastered fa�ade, and the garden. The skilful arrangements made it possible to give monumentality to a building constrained by the narrowness of the plot. On rue de Grenelle, meanwhile, Lassurance built the H�tel Rothelin (now a ministry) and Cotte, the H�tel d’Estr�es (now an embassy).

The photo shows the pilastered fa�ade.

View the ground plan of the building.

Exterior view
Exterior view by

Exterior view

In Lun�ville, where Mansart had worked on several occasions, the old château was rebuilt in 1703 by Boffrand, then completely renovated, partly under his own supervision, starting in 1719. It featured an immense courtyard formed by wings flanking a central pavilion, with a portico pierced by three ground level arches, and boasted the usual virtuoso elements like a grand staircase and chapel.

The photo shows the château and courtyard.

Interior view
Interior view by

Interior view

In the first half of the eighteenth century, interior decoration of apartments in Paris was a considerable part of architecture, resulting in the neglect of exterior decoration. Private residences and public buildings displayed conventionalised exteriors: rusticated quoin-work, windows with decorative keystones, slightly curving forms. Interior decoration, in contrast, underwent rapid change imposed by the tyranny of fashion.

The fashion accentuated the role of furniture and objects. Colour and light reigned. Wainscoting was often painted in light green, so fashionable in mid-century. Subsequently, white and gold came increasingly into favour, as seen in the princess’s apartment (Salon Ovale de la Princesse) at the H�tel de Soubise (designed by Boffrand).

In 1732, the prince de Rohan was married and he decided to give a fresh, modern decorative appearance to the residence, built a quarter of a century earlier by Pierre-Alexis Delamair. He commissioned Germain Boffrand to design a new room, which became known as the Salon Ovale de la Princesse.

The photo shows the decoration in the Salon Ovale de la Princesse. Its elegance stems from the alternation of rounded panels with mirrors, topped by eight canvases by Charles-Joseph Natoire (The Story of Psyche) set in curvilinear frames. The walls are crowned by an undulating, carved and gilded cornice tied to the vault ribbing, creating a feast for the senses and a masterpiece of Rococo taste.

Interior view
Interior view by

Interior view

In the first half of the eighteenth century, interior decoration of apartments in Paris was a considerable part of architecture, resulting in the neglect of exterior decoration. Private residences and public buildings displayed conventionalised exteriors: rusticated quoin-work, windows with decorative keystones, slightly curving forms. Interior decoration, in contrast, underwent rapid change imposed by the tyranny of fashion.

The fashion accentuated the role of furniture and objects. Colour and light reigned. Wainscoting was often painted in light green, so fashionable in mid-century. Subsequently, white and gold came increasingly into favour, as seen in the princess’s apartment (Salon Ovale de la Princesse) at the H�tel de Soubise (designed by Boffrand).

In 1732, the prince de Rohan was married and he decided to give a fresh, modern decorative appearance to the residence, built a quarter of a century earlier by Pierre-Alexis Delamair. He commissioned Germain Boffrand to design a new room, which became known as the Salon Ovale de la Princesse.

The photo shows the decoration in the Salon Ovale de la Princesse. Its elegance stems from the alternation of rounded panels with mirrors, topped by eight canvases by Charles-Joseph Natoire (The Story of Psyche) set in curvilinear frames. The walls are crowned by an undulating, carved and gilded cornice tied to the vault ribbing, creating a feast for the senses and a masterpiece of Rococo taste.

Interior view
Interior view by

Interior view

In the first half of the eighteenth century, interior decoration of apartments in Paris was a considerable part of architecture, resulting in the neglect of exterior decoration. Private residences and public buildings displayed conventionalised exteriors: rusticated quoin-work, windows with decorative keystones, slightly curving forms. Interior decoration, in contrast, underwent rapid change imposed by the tyranny of fashion.

The fashion accentuated the role of furniture and objects. Colour and light reigned. Wainscoting was often painted in light green, so fashionable in mid-century. Subsequently, white and gold came increasingly into favour, as seen in the princess’s apartment (Salon Ovale de la Princesse) at the H�tel de Soubise (designed by Boffrand).

In 1732, the prince de Rohan was married and he decided to give a fresh, modern decorative appearance to the residence, built a quarter of a century earlier by Pierre-Alexis Delamair. He commissioned Germain Boffrand to design a new room, which became known as the Salon Ovale de la Princesse.

The photo shows the decoration in the Salon Ovale de la Princesse. Its elegance stems from the alternation of rounded panels with mirrors, topped by eight canvases by Charles-Joseph Natoire (The Story of Psyche) set in curvilinear frames. The walls are crowned by an undulating, carved and gilded cornice tied to the vault ribbing, creating a feast for the senses and a masterpiece of Rococo taste.

Interior view
Interior view by

Interior view

In the first half of the eighteenth century, interior decoration of apartments in Paris was a considerable part of architecture, resulting in the neglect of exterior decoration. Private residences and public buildings displayed conventionalised exteriors: rusticated quoin-work, windows with decorative keystones, slightly curving forms. Interior decoration, in contrast, underwent rapid change imposed by the tyranny of fashion.

The fashion accentuated the role of furniture and objects. Colour and light reigned. Wainscoting was often painted in light green, so fashionable in mid-century. Subsequently, white and gold came increasingly into favour, as seen in the princess’s apartment (Salon Ovale de la Princesse) at the H�tel de Soubise (designed by Boffrand).

In 1732, the prince de Rohan was married and he decided to give a fresh, modern decorative appearance to the residence, built a quarter of a century earlier by Pierre-Alexis Delamair. He commissioned Germain Boffrand to design a new room, which became known as the Salon Ovale de la Princesse.

The photo shows the decoration in the Salon Ovale de la Princesse. Its elegance stems from the alternation of rounded panels with mirrors, topped by eight canvases by Charles-Joseph Natoire (The Story of Psyche) set in curvilinear frames. The walls are crowned by an undulating, carved and gilded cornice tied to the vault ribbing, creating a feast for the senses and a masterpiece of Rococo taste.

Feedback