MINNE, George - b. 1866 Gent, d. 1941 Laethem-Saint-Martin - WGA

MINNE, George

(b. 1866 Gent, d. 1941 Laethem-Saint-Martin)

Belgian sculptor. He is known for his idealized depictions of man’s inner spiritual conflicts, including the “Kneeling Youth” sculpture series. A contemporary of Gustav Klimt and Egon Schiele, Minne’s work shows many similarities in both form and subject matter to the Viennese Secessionists.

In his late 1800s work, George Minne captured a sense of spiritual unease strikingly contemporary in its outlook. The attenuated proportions, softly modelled flesh, and unstable posture of his simple, mystical figures, express anxiety and resignation. At the Ghent Academy, Minne studied architecture before taking courses in sculpture and painting. Around 1887, when Minne began exhibiting, Symbolist writers like Maurice Maeterlinck recognized the power of his grieving, injured figures; and invited him to illustrate their literary works, which also de-emphasized naturalism in favour of exploring the human spiritual life and inner conflict.

Auguste Rodin’s work was a point of departure for Minne. But about 1891, after Rodin had patronizingly dismissed him with words of encouragement, Minne returned to Belgium. He worked for his architect father, married, and soon went bankrupt. Then, in 1896, having spent a year at the academy in Brussels, his most productive time began. Mostly small in scale, Minne’swork contains only a few motifs that he explored repeatedly. Best known is Kneeling Youth, which displays influence from Gothic sculpture and the Pre-Raphaelites. His major success throughout Europe began around 1900 but, ironically, by that time, he had already created his most important sculptures. Minne strongly influenced artists in Belgium, France, and Germany.

Adolescent
Adolescent by

Adolescent

This young boy defiantly exposes his nude, emaciated body while simultaneously crossing his arms protectively, his hidden face betraying anguish and despair. The rendering of his tensed muscles and taut flesh, precariously resting on his thin legs, makes this a stunning achievement in marble carving. The symmetrical composition gives this small-scale statue a monumental effect.

Fountain with Kneeling Youths
Fountain with Kneeling Youths by

Fountain with Kneeling Youths

Minne modelled his sculptures in clay and had them cast in plaster. After this, they were worked out in bronze, stone or wood, mostly on order from abroad. He received his most important commission from the German collector Karl Ernst Osthaus, who called on Henry Van de Velde for the construction and furnishing of the Osthaus Museum in Hagen. In addition to various other sculptures, Minne produced his principal work for the entrance hall of the Osthaus Museum: the Fountain of Kneeling Youths, in which he repeated the figure of the kneeling boy around a circular basin. He showed designs for this fountain from 1899 in a succession of exhibitions. The only surviving model in plaster is in the Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent; the final version in marble (1905) is in the Folkwang Museum, Essen. The Osthaus Museum (now Folkwang Museum) in Hagen has a replica of the fountain in the main hall. Later, bronze versions were executed and set up in public places.

With the sculpture group, Minne concluded his long quest recorded in various preparatory drawings and sketchbooks. He tried out several postures and combinations in which he grouped elegant figures, both standing and kneeling, around a pelvis and placed them in imaginary shapes, setting up architectural decors.

The picture shows the plaster model in the Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent.

Fountain with Kneeling Youths
Fountain with Kneeling Youths by

Fountain with Kneeling Youths

Minne modelled his sculptures in clay and had them cast in plaster. After this, they were worked out in bronze, stone or wood, mostly on order from abroad. He received his most important commission from the German collector Karl Ernst Osthaus, who called on Henry Van de Velde for the construction and furnishing of the Osthaus Museum in Hagen. In addition to various other sculptures, Minne produced his principal work for the entrance hall of the Osthaus Museum: the Fountain of Kneeling Youths, in which he repeated the figure of the kneeling boy around a circular basin. He showed designs for this fountain from 1899 in a succession of exhibitions. The only surviving model in plaster is in the Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent; the final version in marble (1905) is in the Folkwang Museum, Essen. The Osthaus Museum (now Folkwang Museum) in Hagen has a replica of the fountain in the main hall. Later, bronze versions were executed and set up in public places.

The picture shows the original marble version in the Folkwang Museum, Essen.

Fountain with Kneeling Youths (replica)
Fountain with Kneeling Youths (replica) by

Fountain with Kneeling Youths (replica)

Minne modelled his sculptures in clay and had them cast in plaster. After this, they were worked out in bronze, stone or wood, mostly on order from abroad. He received his most important commission from the German collector Karl Ernst Osthaus, who called on Henry Van de Velde for the construction and furnishing of the Osthaus Museum in Hagen. In addition to various other sculptures, Minne produced his principal work for the entrance hall of the Osthaus Museum: the Fountain of Kneeling Youths, in which he repeated the figure of the kneeling boy around a circular basin. He showed designs for this fountain from 1899 in a succession of exhibitions. The only surviving model in plaster is in the Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Ghent; the final version in marble (1905) is in the Folkwang Museum, Essen. The Osthaus Museum (now Folkwang Museum) in Hagen has a replica of the fountain in the main hall. Later, bronze versions were executed and set up in public places.

The picture shows the fountain exhibited in the Osthaus-Museum at Hagen.

Small Kneeling Figure
Small Kneeling Figure by

Small Kneeling Figure

In his early years, Minne produced both expressively sculpted images and more contemplative figures. Around 1897, the typical figures of kneeling, mourning, or injured figures from his earlier oeuvre underwent a process of purification and abstraction, as seen in the more stylized and refined figure of the kneeling youth, Minne’s best-known sculpture. In the famous Fountain of the Kneeling Youths, he arranged five identical copies around a water basin with a controlled rhythm of straight or curved lines and surfaces.

Small Kneeling Figure
Small Kneeling Figure by

Small Kneeling Figure

In his early years, Minne produced both expressively sculpted images and more contemplative figures. Around 1897, the typical figures of kneeling, mourning, or injured figures from his earlier oeuvre underwent a process of purification and abstraction, as seen in the more stylized and refined figure of the kneeling youth, Minne’s best-known sculpture. In the famous Fountain of the Kneeling Youths, he arranged five identical copies around a water basin with a controlled rhythm of straight or curved lines and surfaces.

The photo shows a bronze version in Ghent. The figures date c. 1905, the water basin c. 1927-30.

Small Kneeling Figure
Small Kneeling Figure by

Small Kneeling Figure

In his early years, Minne produced both expressively sculpted images and more contemplative figures. Around 1897, the typical figures of kneeling, mourning, or injured figures from his earlier oeuvre underwent a process of purification and abstraction, as seen in the more stylized and refined figure of the kneeling youth, Minne’s best-known sculpture. In the famous Fountain of the Kneeling Youths, he arranged five identical copies around a water basin with a controlled rhythm of straight or curved lines and surfaces.

The photo shows a bronze version in Ghent. The figures date c. 1905, the water basin c. 1927-30.

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